Wicked Little Letters true story: The scandal behind the comedy

Now, the real-life scandal has inspired a new comedy, Wicked Little Letters, which stars Jessie Buckley as Rose and Olivia Colman as Edith.

Cast member Timothy Spall, who plays Edith's father, Edward Swan, said he was surprised to discover the film is based on a real case.

"I read it and assumed it was a very well realised conceit," he told RadioTimes.com. "But it's not, and I was delighted to find that it was based on truth!

"And sometimes you go. 'Well course it was', because these preposterous things often work because you go 'Really?'"

Intrigued? Read on for everything you need to know about the original case.

Wicked Little Letters true story: Who is the culprit?

It was Edith who was responsible for sending the letters to herself, her family member's and her neighbours.

The real-life Rose Gooding moved to the small seaside town of Littlehampton, Sussex, in 1918.

Rose had welcomed her daughter Dorothy out of wedlock three years before marrying her husband, Bill, which was frowned upon at the time.

Nevertheless, Rose soon formed a friendship with her neighbour, Edith Swan, with the pair bonding over their household work. Edith wrote out a recipe for chutney and lent Rose knitting patterns for socks, while Rose lent Edith a tin bath.

But their friendship soon turned sour after they fell out over their communal garden, and Edith quietly plotted her revenge.

Edith started sending foul-mouthed postcards in Rose’s name, which were filled with obscene language and outrageous accusations.

At first, insults ranged from cow and bl**dy, but got increasingly obscene, according to the Daily Mail, which covered the case at the time.

Posing as Rose, Edith even wrote to tell her fiancé Bert – who was serving in the British forces in Iraq at the time – that she had fallen pregnant by another man, causing him to call off their wedding plans.

Edith, who modern day historians suspect had mental health issues, went on to launch a private prosecution against Rose, who appeared before Littlehampton magistrates and was charged with criminal libel in September 1920.

Rose returned home after spending three months behind bars.

But her ordeal wasn’t over yet, as Edith stuck again, sending letters once more and landing Rose back in court.

Rose’s barrister attempted to clear her name, producing the handwritten knitting instructions and chutney recipe given to her by Edith, pointing out that the handwriting resemble the penmanship on the letters.

But, despite the efforts of her barrister, Rose was jailed for 12 months with hard labour.

What happened to Edith Swan?

Edith’s web of lies began to unravel shortly after Rose’s second sentence.

After Rose was sentenced the second time, Edith penned more obscenities in a notebook and posted it to the police, claiming it was found near the Gooding’s house on a street.

While Edith had seemingly been trying to strengthen her case against Rose, it ended up having the opposite effect, with the police identifying similarities between the handwriting inside the notebook and the accompanying letter from Edith.

Rose was released three months into her sentence.

The notebook incident prompted Scotland Yard to send Inspector George Nicholls to investigate the libel case.

George asked local policewoman Gladys Moss to watch the Swans’ house from a neighbouring shed, and Gladys witnessed Edith throwing a piece of paper near Violet May’s backdoor. Violent was a neighbour that Rose had previously targeted.

Edith was put on trial in 1921, but the judge refused to believe she could be capable of using such foul language.

It wasn’t until 1923 that detectives hatched a plan to get enough evidence to convict Edith.

They marked a set of postage stamps with invisible ink and instructed the post office to sell them to Edith and so, when Edith struck again the following June, the detectives were able to trace the letters back to her.

In July, the Lewes Crown Court jury found Edith guilty.

Judge Avory respected the jury’s decision and sentenced Edith to 12 months behind bars, but reportedly said he found it unfathomable that a "respectable, clean-mouthed woman" like Edith could be capable of writing such "filth".

Edith died in March, 1959, in North View Home, East Preston, a residential home which had previously been the site of a workhouse.

Wicked Little Letters arrived in cinemas on Friday 23rd February. Check out more of our Film coverage or visit our TV Guide and Streaming Guide to find out what's on.

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